Hi there,
Thank you very much for point out this link issue, i will fix these.
Hi Major,
From your description, it more likely some battery cell inside may failed, this cell failure may casued by poor cell quality or over discharged(battery in low capacity status and had not been charged in time during the winter time may caught high risk to cause overdischarged), cell overdischarged will cause cell failure and then cause voltage gap betweeen the series.
52V batteery is made of 14 Series, each serie's voltage should almost equal when in good condition, the full charged voltage is 58.8V=14*4.2V.
Battery BMS will monitor each serie's voltage to keep it at a safe range, usually around 2.8V/3.0V to 4.2V, the BMS will cut off charge/discharge if any serie's voltage reach 2.8V/3.0V or 4.2V.
->>regard the discharger issue
If the battery is in good condition, each serie voltage shoud be around 3.07V=43V/14 at 43V stage, and 3.64V=51V/14; but the battery trigger the low voltage setpoint at 51V, which means there is a voltage gap betweeen the series, a serie's voltage would drop to 3.0V earlier than other series and trigger the BMS cut off. Then actually the battery can not be real full discharged.
When motor increasing more power, the battery voltage will drop more, a serie's voltage will drop to 3.0V earlier than other series and trigger the BMS cut off.
->>regard the charge issue
When there is a voltage gap betweeen the series, some series will reach 4.2V full charged stage earlier than the lower voltage series and then trigger the BMS cut off charging, then actually the battery can not be real full charged. In this situation, 58.8V is actually from the charger's output, and 58.1V is the real battery voltage.
->>regard the solution
Some perofessional lithium battery repair shop can open the battery and use a balancer to balance the voltage of each series and then see if it can be recovered.
->>regard how to reduce the risk of battery over discharged, you may kindly refer to below post.
https://www.flionpower.com/using-and-storing-lithium-battery-pack-in-proper-methods/